ABSTRACT
Background: Stroke is a significant health problem worldwide. There is a limited literature regarding stroke inSaudi Arabia. The aim of this work was to estimate the stroke associated comorbidities in Saudi Arabia.Methodology: In this study, data regarding stroke was collected from the King Khalid Hospital-cardiac Centre,Hail Region, Saudi Arabia. In the present study, about 1187 (92%) of the patients had ischemic stroke and 103(8%) had hemorrhagic stroke. Hypertension was detected in 43.3% of the patients (39.8% were males and 48.2%were females). Diabetes was identified in 42.8% of the patients (40% were males and 47% were females).Dyslipidemia was noticed in 14.7% of the patients (14.5% were males and 15% were females). Conclusion: Thereis fluctuation in the incidence rates in stroke in Hail region. The most prevalent stroke type was ischemic typewith the men more affected than females. Hypertension, Diabetes, and dyslipidemia were the most comorbidconditions associated with stroke in Hail region.
ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Oral cancer (OC) mortality is very high in Sudan, particularly among men due to the habit of Toombak use (tobacco specific nitrose amine (TSN)) rich tobacco. AIMS: Our aim was to determine whether OC is gender-specific due to increased Toombak use among males as suggested a risk for subsequent development of oral cancer. SETTINGS AND DESIGN: We conducted a descriptive study of OC in Khartoum and obtained information on Toombak use, confounding variables for 39 incident patients with oral cancerous lesions and 43 hospital-based cases without apparent oral lesions. MATERIALS AND METHODS: OC was affirmed by histopathology for all patients with oral lesions, hence oral epithelial atypia and leukoplakias were detected using cytology. STATISTICAL ANALYSIS: Data analyzed using a computer SPSS program. RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS: Of the 82 subjects, there were 57 (70%) Toombak users and 25 (30%) non-tobacco users. Among the 39 patients with OC, 24 (61.5%) were Toombak users and 15 (38.5%) were non-tobacco users. Among 43 with atypical changes, 10 (23.3%) were non-tobacco users and 33 (76.7%) were Toombak users. Regarding gender, only 11 (13.4%) were females, of whom 8 (72.7%) were non-tobacco users. We conclude that oral cancer, atypia and leukoplakia were high among males who were Toombak users. In view of the high incidence (29%) of OC due to Toombak use, we propose the implementation of oral screening programme restricted to Toombak users.